Showing posts with label franchising. Show all posts
Showing posts with label franchising. Show all posts

Franchising news: Noble Roman's

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If you are coming in here from somewhere besides Indiana, then you might mot know about Noble Romans. Before Dominos changed all pizza places into fast food delivery places, Noble Romans bloomed in Indiana. A Sicilian deep dish pie and a window to watch the pizzas made was the chain's claim to fame. Now it is making its comeback.

The Indianapolis Business Journal has an article on Nobles Romans strategy used in its return. For those interested in franchising and/or opening their restaurant, I think it has some very good points. The article is Noble Roman’s rebuilds empire.
The Mobleys got back on their feet by shuttering nearly all the full-service restaurants and instead focusing on franchising outlets in non-traditional locales like convenience stores, airports and military bases.

It then moved into stand-alone restaurants branded as both Noble Roman’s and Tuscano’s Italian Style Subs. The pizza and sub shops operate in the same location, much as some Pizza Hut and Taco Bell outlets do.

Including all its formats, the company now has more than 1,200 outlets in 45 states and abroad. It operates just three of its own restaurants, all in the Indianapolis area.

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Franchising - reading around

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Today, I found a new franchising resource: FranchiseBrief.com. I have not examined the site in any depth but it seems fairly sober in its approach. The site also has a blog here.

Frannet says it is the franchise connection. This appears to be a for-profit site, so take that into consideration.

Entrepreneur magazine has its site here. It has free tools but you need to sign up for them. So so if you are interested in franchising and/or starting your own business.

I cannot emphasize enough that there are dangers to franchising. Franchise circulars may meet the legal criteria and still not tell the whole story. Get all the information you can before even looking at the franchise circular.

I had trouble a few weeks ago with Blue MauMau. Today everything seems to be fine and I am glad. The MauMau site may not be sober and its bloggers may not either but I find it has not sacrificed seriousness for its lack of a sober front. No reason business needs to be dull. Take a look at this example Some Franchise Agreements Make Debt Recovery Tough:

In a continuation of the opportunity to look at the financial frustrations of a failing or failed franchisee, I’m learning that all birds of a feather do in fact have different frailties. Yes, some franchise agreements are so very tough that the appearance of recovery of anything is dim. But wait. Having served tens of thousands of businesses, those franchisees served always had personal pressing obligations. Most had lease obligations, personally guaranteed. Many owed money to their ZOR. The majority had loan obligations to banks, family, or credit card debt. Vendors, other than ZOR were almost always owed some money. These liabilities appeared overwhelming, which they were.

Here’s a true story: Though I can’t use names.




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Restaurants - serious money

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I call $1.9 billion serious money. Considering that what it may be used for is even more surprising. Wiggin and Dana's Franchise Law Blog posts a report that this is the asking price for Applebee's. I generally like Applebee's, but it is not a chain I would think would be worth that much money. The Blog's links to the article are dead but here are some more:
What makes Applebee's valuable is not the pizzaz of its menu but its menu and its real estate. This quote is from the second article:
“The value is in the restaurants and the real estate. You’ve seen this play in Sears-Kmart, Toys R Us and elsewhere. The companies may have problems, but the land they are sitting on still has value and the brand names still have value that can be leveraged,” said one consumer investment banker who declined to be named.
For legal issues, the purchase shows the value of trademarks.

Both the second article and the Blog post remark that IHOP intends to franchise the Applebee's chain. That I find very interesting - if I am understanding IHOP's intentions. Franchising would seem to be a good method to work off some of the debt incurred in the purchase and one that might be a useful tool for similar sales.
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The closing business and at-will employees

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What to do when you are an at-will employee and the business just closes its doors? First, I suggest making speeches about suing the company is not a good idea. Second, get yourself to the Workforce Development office for signing up to get unemployment benefits.

The Richmond Garfield's restaurant closed their doors this week. The employees had no notice of the restaurant's impending demise and so were certainly shocked to find themselves unemployed. So reports the Richmond Palladium-Item.

As some of the comments make clear, Indiana is an at-will employment state. That severely limits any wrongful discharge kind of suit.

On the other hand, that the employer blithely ignored any harm done to its emp0loyees seems pretty clear cut. Not that that lack of concern rises to grounds for a lawsuit. It does seem highly unlikely that Garfield's will want to re-enter the Richmond market, or that many from the Richmond market will frequent Garfield's restaurant's outside of Richmond, or that those reading the Palladium-Item articles outside of the Richmond area will be impressed with the Garfield's franchise system.
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Location, location - an idea from Australia

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The Australian newspaper The Age published a a report under its Tech section with the headline Fit for business. The headline interested me enough to read the article - which was mostly about a local gym franchise and how it used mapping software to divide its territory.

Mr Swain says the chain has not had any failures in the 72 openings, something he puts down to the Pitney Bowes MapInfo reports the company has relied on for the six years since arriving in Australia. Now he has taken the technology in-house with the release of MapInfo's AnySite, which allows faster real-estate decisions because reports and data can be seen internally.

"We use it to work out where we need to be without cannibalising existing clubs. It's an important part of our feasibility study."

The software uses the Australian Bureau of Statistics as a major source of data and is popular among shopping centre developers and franchise chains. It has been used by the company to provide consultancy reports for clients, but is now available as a CD-ROM package to allow technology-savvy customers to extract their own analysis.

I am not aware of a similar program in the United States but I will assume that the Pitney-Bowes program is a proprietary program. I can see something similar for the United States as being useful for both franchisors and franchisees - as well as other business dependent upon demographics.
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Franchising and trade secrets

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Franchising pretty much requires a trade secret even if not one that is technically a trade secret. Coca-Cola bottlers hang the value of their franchise on the secret of what goes into Coca-Cola while McDonalds' franchisees have its secret sauce. However, until I was reading the Don't Sign An Agreement To Receive Information article at Blue MauMau I was not aware of franchisors having potential franchisees signing off on non-disclosure agreements.
There are franchise investment offerings that are so transparently not innovative, and that can so easily be done without whatever it is that the franchisors pretend they have that is “unique” (yeah, right). They request that a prospect sign a non-disclosure agreement / confidentiality agreement as a condition to being sent the offering circular or to being allowed to attend “discovery day”.
I agree that any franchisor playing this game is one of the following: 1) an idiot who knows not what they are doing; or 2) a con artist. Mr. Solomon suggests: "[y]ou are dealing with a bozo franchise and they are just looking to get a handle on you so that they can threaten you if you don’t buy the franchise and decide to do anything else on your own that may be in a similar business." If these franchisor do think that way, then they are dangerously stupid. But then I also thinking that their "trade secrets" are not so secret as to be protected by the law.

Remember this: get an attorney as soon as you get serious about buying a franchise.
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Franchising - some things to consider

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Thoughts for franchisees.

Reading Blue MauMau on Saturday evening focused some ideas I have had on franchisees. Who does not dream of easy riches with a franchise? If not riches, then a comfortable living?

Franchisees need to remember they are going into a business relationship. The franchise circular (the UFOC) are designed to protect consumers from outright fraud but the UFOC can avoid fraud and still trap the unsophisticated franchisee. Some points came out sharply when reading about Quiznos (see my post here on Quiznos). Start with Reflections on the Franchise Relationship on Blue MauMau and read through the comments. Then consider this passage from Franchisee Associations Are Not Social Clubs:
Franchising is not about democracy. Franchising is not about fairness. Here’s the deal – the deal is very one sided – the risks are high – we tell you that it’s a cinch if you believe and want to succeed – that’s our cheerleaders’ favorite cheer. Well, my friends, if you believe that cheerleading is reality, and you sign the contract and then are unable or unwilling to play the game that is going on out on the playing field (the real game), no one is going to change the rules to make tough people play nice. THAT’S WHY YOU HAVE TO BUCK UP AND LEARN TO PLAY THE REAL GAME OF DEFENDING YOUR SIDE OF THE FIELD.
Sometimes litigation remains the only means for the franchisee to defend their side of the field. United Parcel Service is being sued by its franchisee, the gist of their complaint is found in this news release from May 2:
According to the complaint filed by the law firm of Hagens Berman Sobol
Shapiro, franchise owners measure packages in the store, charge the
customer and ship the package to UPS where the company re-measures the
package using what the suit claims is inaccurate techniques and
back-charges the franchisee for the difference.
(Thanks to Wiggins and Dana's Franchise Law Blog for the post tipping me off to this. That post links to the Franchise Law Blog's other posts on UPS). Now where in the UFOC might have this information have been disclosed? I suspect that it was not.

Then read the post, Franchisee Failure, on Blue MauMau. You might also want to check out what else I have written on franchising here.

If you still are interested in franchising, start researching the company. Franchisees need no longer start with the UFOC. I suggest if a franchisee sees a UFOC without knowing any detail about the franchise system than the name of the company, the franchisee is already in trouble. I suggest looking at the stores, and seeing them in operation. See how the public reacts to the product. Talk to the franchisee. Check out the franchisor on the Internet - use Google or Yahoo and their respective news search engines.

Then check out the UFOC. While not wanting to pick on Quiznos, I did catch this paragraph on Blue MauMau:

And starting from electronic page 342 to 362 is a list of Quiznos owners and Area Developers who left the system. It contains their contact information. A prospective franchise owner will want to speak with a number of these Quiznos ex-franchisees.
My reaction was - no kidding, ex-franchisees should always be checked out. Especially those ex-franchisees who are being sued by or are suing the franchisor. Then I would suggest going back over the information from the beginning before going any further. After all that, have an accountant check the numbers and an attorney check the operation. Then think hard for this will be a major commitment in your life.
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Franchising news - Quiznos

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Thanks to Wiggins and Dana's Franchise Law Blog and Blue MauMau for the heads up on these news items.

Quiznos lost a motion for a preliminary injunction brought by a franchisee group whose members it had terminated. Wiggins gave a link to this article on Fast Casual.
Quiznos terminated the Toasted Subs members' franchise agreements in early December, saying the group uses hostile efforts to damage the company's reputation. The termination letter was sent after the Toasted Subs organization posted a suicide letter on its Web site from Baber Vhupinder, a longtime franchisee and litigant against Quiznos.
Blue MauMau has a link in the article TSFA Files for Injunction to Quash Quiznos Termination Notices to the Quiznos' termination notices that does not work but the link to the franchisees' Brief does work. Click here to read the Brief in PDf format. Quiznos used the generic "detrimental to the goodwill of the Mark" ground for termination.

Franchisors retain the ability to terminate franchisees for anything the franchisor thinks hurts the goodwill associated with the franchisor's trademarks. I think of these clauses as being akin to the morality clauses that once were part and parcel of Hollywood actor's contracts. Behave well in public or get fired. Here, Quiznos uses this clause for offensive purposes. The franchisees made public their criticisms of Quiznos and I would say that they were damaging to the Quiznos trademark. Deservedly so, too, if true, as reported at Blue MauMau:
In a Rocky Mountain News article this morning, Franchisees terminated by Quiznos seek injunction to stay in system, it states that a slew of lawsuits by franchisees and former franchisees, including Baber, allege that the company promises profits that are out of line with reality; that it forces franchisees to pay approved vendors too much for suppliers; that it allows stores to be built close together and; cannibalize each other; and that it blankets markets with coupons that further lighten the franchisees’ bottom line.”
I wonder about Quiznos' strategy here. I think a public lawsuit is the last place I want to air problems with my clients' franchise structure. Even the appearance of problems can kill a business.
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Franchising: Amended Franchise Rule FAQs

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Not much to this post but a pointer to the Federal Trade Commission's Amended Franchise Rule FAQs here. I have been more interested lately in franchisees than franchisors and missed the FTC posting this FAQ. Use of the new rule starts July 7, 2007.
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Franchising: Darden Restaurants closing 56 Smokey Bones

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I caught the story about this in today's Indianapolis Star. I am assuming some of these restaurants were franchisee owned, even though this is unclear from the news.
Darden Restaurants, operator of Red Lobster, Olive Garden and other restaurants, said Saturday it's closing 56 of its Smokey Bones Barbeque & Grill locations, including the one in Downtown Indianapolis and two others in the metro area.
The Star mentions that Darden Restaurants did this to increase profitiablity. Google News provides links to some other articles. From some of these articles I infer they may be corporate stores and that Darden may be looking to sell itself.

From PR Newswire:
"This was a difficult decision because guests continue to give the Smokey Bones experience solid marks and there is a core of restaurants with good sales and earnings levels," said Clarence Otis, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Darden. "However, the Smokey Bones concept and related business model was designed to be a nationally advertised brand. Since it is not on a path to achieving this vision, we have concluded that it is not a meaningful growth vehicle for Darden. As a result, we've decided to exit the Smokey Bones business and offer it and the related assets for sale. Even as we make this difficult decision, we appreciate the passion and commitment of the employees of Smokey Bones and we're working to ensure that employees affected by the closures are given opportunities to transfer to other Darden locations. We are convinced this action is appropriate, timely and beneficial to our shareholders."
Articles on Darden as a possible target for buyouts can be found here and here.

Even if the Darden owns these restaurants, this story serves to make a point about franchising. Every franchisee and franchisor needs to think about the sale of the franchise system. Seldom do franchising systems reach the size of McDonalds and a sale of the franchise system is likely, if the system is successful. Of course, every franchisor wants to be as successful as McDonalds. That sums up what I think is the franchisor's interest in selling the system - having such a successful franchise system that someone will pay a lot of money to take over the running of the system.

The issue differs for the franchisee. When the franchisee first looks at the franchise circular the possibility of a sale of the franchise system must be in the franchisee's mind. The franchise agreement provides that the franchisor does certain things for a franchisee but I say that the franchisor brings one overarching thing to the franchise relationship: a marketable brand which will bring profit to both franchisee and franchisor. Within that adjective of marketable lies certain standards. The franchisor requires the franchisee to maintain certain swystem-wide standards. A McDonalds restaurant in Augusta, Maine differs not one essential bit from an McDonalds restaurant in San Diego, California. Customers going from the restaurant in Augusta to the one San Diego can eat without the anxiety of ordering strange food in a strange place. However, the franchisor must also provide a certain level of quality and oftentimes marketing. When contemplating a franchise agreement, the franchisee must be certain that the franchisor's obligations in maintaining the quality of the franchise system are enforceable against the franchisor and the franchisor's successors.


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Sites to check out: franchising and bankruptcy

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Finding information on franchising is not all that easy. For technical information, nothing beats the FTC site. Franchising news, however, gets trickier. Some sites are just about drawing in potential franchisors and franchisees. Now I have found Blue MauMau and I think it hits all the marks for a franchising news site. Anyone with any interest in franchising should check it out.

I no longer have a consumer bankruptcy practice and for any insolvent businesses I am suggesting state law alternatives . Why? Because I detest the 2005 bankruptcy amendments. However, I still like to keep an eye on what is going on under the new law. I still think that any case involving money means taking bankruptcy into consideration and I am keeping up the creditor side of my bankruptcy practice. So far I have been quite taken with the blog Credit Slips. Credit Slips is a blog written by a group of law professors. Quite a lively read and one I would suggest for others to read.
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Franchising - Leveraging The Audit

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Franchisors, take a look at Success in ensuring and building your brand can be achieved through the compliance/quality audit process. from Franchise World:

Wrong. This is your brand being discussed. Compliance is part of the DNA of any brand. It is critical that the audit process reinforces and grows the brand. Don’t take some audit that was used five years ago and apply it to the concept today. Do it right. Start by deciding which behaviors and characteristics are important to the business. Then design the audit form to measure them. Sure, they will include such standards as quality, service and cleanliness. They will also include indicators of how well employees are being managed and how healthy the culture is. They should include indicators such as business management and customer satisfaction.

Link the audit directly to key indicators of success: profitability, employees, customers, operations broken down into the measurable elements such as revenue and operating efficiency, employee attraction, retention, and training, customer attraction and retention, procedural compliance, waste management, and inventory management. Does the brand know what its customers care about? Too often organizations will place emphasis on things that really don’t matter to the organization.

The best quality or compliance audits are designed not only to ensure adherence to the model, but also to drive and inform improvement and growth. Establishing clear goals and results for the audit is an obvious first step, correct? If one asks most franchise systems, the goal is to make sure franchisees are following the model. Following the model is part of it, but the real goals should be improvement and growth. By tweaking the focus of the audit, the brand can use it to identify problems or shortcomings in the model and opportunities to improve the model.
It does make sense, so take a look at the whole article.

Franchisees - what does it say of your franchisor who does not conduct these kind of audits?
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Franchsing - The IFA Franchise University

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I offer no endorsement of the International Franchise Association's Franchise University but only provide this for your information.

IFA offers a free course on “Franchising Basics” that you can try at any time.

To try the course now, just click the following link FREE Franchising Basics Course

Note: You do not have to register to take this free course, just click the link above. You will be directed to the guest account,
and will click on the course title Franchising Basics: the Official IFA Course (FREE COURSE) to begin the course

.At some point, I will take a longer and deeper look at this.

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International Franchising

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One thing I am learning with this blog is the areas of law I need to discard. This will probably be my last post on franchising law. What drives my practice is leading me to direct more attention to other areas. I will be happy to take on any new cases from franchisors or franchisees but I will write less on the subject.

One area that I never dealt with but have had an interest in was international franchise operations. This month's Franchise World published an article on the subject,
In the international arena there is no substitute for good prior planning and judgment.
"When U.S. franchisors structure international franchise arrangements, they too often take the domestic approach that they are accustomed to, only to later realize that the rules change and that engaging in disputes in foreign adversarial proceedings can be substantially more difficult, expensive and time consuming than the domestic judicial battles to which they are accustomed. Many franchisors find that a domestic kitchen-sink approach to drafting international franchise agreements is frequently a “turn off” to prospective international franchisees. In many cases, broad inclusion of standard domestic requirements appropriate for a domestic arrangement could be characterized as a knee-jerk response, wholly inappropriate for an international transaction setting the arrangement up for immediate confrontation or failure, simply due to lack of forethought. For example, provisions governing events of default that subject the franchisee to automatic termination without notice, mandatory contributions to advertising funds, mandatory accounting reviews, certain concepts of equity and even jury trials are not always appropriate for inclusion in international franchise agreements. Such forced inclusions by the franchisor are often an initial recipe for disaster."
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Off-Topic - sort of about franchising

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Here I am looking over FranchiseLawBlog when I see Wendy's Franchisees Missing Dave. Frankly, so I have. Reading I see that others also have a similar complaint that I have:
Complaints include the introduction of a summery fruit salad in the depth of winter, the current ad campaign featuring men wearing pigtailed Wendy fright wigs and an autocratic decision-making style.
In (a probably vain) attempt to keep this post on topic, we might be seeing a problem common to businesses when the originator passes from the scene. Just what was the succession planning at Wendy's? What planning have you done with your business?

Meanwhile, I really think the Wendy's advertisements are about the worse out.
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Franchising - Interesting article on vendors for franchisees

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From Franchising World October 2007 comes Partnering franchisees with the right vendor is a winning proposition for everyone by Danny Goldberg.
"Some franchise companies tend to overlook the details that are required to build an effective staff for their franchisees. Their primary focus is on opening the store and helping to sell products or services. Consequently, the employee headaches some new franchisees face may be hidden from view. Is the franchisee complying with labor regulations? Are illegal aliens being hired? What’s happening with the employee payroll?"

In this case, offering pre-screened vendors that remove some of the responsibilities and burdens associated with payroll, human resources and benefits can help franchisees to focus more on enlarging their businesses. This step will help to minimize the frustration these new owners feel when they become overwhelmed by new responsibilities and ensure that the brand’s logo doesn’t disappear from their neighborhood.

As an added benefit to the corporate office, this step also provides a business model that’s easier to implement and manage since nearly all of the franchisees are using the same vendors.

***

How to Choose the Right Vendor
There are many factors that come into play when choosing the right vendors. Ask questions that will indicate how the relationship with them will be affected by how they conduct business.




Worth reading the whole article.
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New federal franchise rule

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The Federal Trade Commission's revised its franchising rule and it is now officially in effect. You can find a copy online here. The FTC formatted the rule as a PDF file and it is quite large.
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Franchising Resources - Links

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If you are interested in franchising as either a franchisor or franchisee these links may be of some help. I am providing these for information only. While I have seen these web pages at one time or another for one reason or another this post is not an endorsement of any other than the FTC pages.

The Franchise Registry

The American Franchise Association

Franchise Gator

Franchise Help

Marksmen

Most importantly, the Federal Trade Commission:
One bit of advice: whether franchisee or franchisor - get an attorney before doing anything.
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Surveying franchise success | Branding & Franchising | QSR Web

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Franchisors will find more of interest Surveying franchise success from QSR Web.
"In an effort to maximize the number of successful partnerships they enter, franchisors have turned to a variety of profiling tools that purport to predict a successful match."
Some points for and against using profiling techniques in finding prospective franchisees. Using the term profiling may raise some hackles but the worst thing that a franchise system can do is bring in a franchisee who does not really fit. The franchise's long term health ought to come first with franchisors. Sometimes it does not because the franchisor's long term goal may be to build a cash cow and unload. In other instances, the franchisor just gets in too much of a hurry to notice franchisee deficits.

Remember that you can click below on "franchising" to see other articles I have posted on the subject.

Remember to contact me that if you are an Indiana franchisee or franchisor and need legal counsel.
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Another Article on the Dangers of Franchising

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This time comes MINDING YOUR BUSINESS: Is a franchise in your future? from the The MetroWest Daily News of Framingham, MA:
"An individual who decides to open a business has, in essence, three options: establish a new business, buy an existing business or purchase a local franchise with a regional or national brand. The third option is one that is appealing to many people, even those who have never considered going into business."

***

It is important to remember, however, that the same fundamental rules that apply to starting a business are also in play when one purchases a franchise. Contrary to popular belief, being a franchisee can be just as hard as opening any other business. It can also be just as successful and, in some cases, more successful.

There are similarities between franchisees and independent owners - and there are differences. If you are considering becoming a franchisee, here are a few important things to keep in mind.

First, there is one essential ingredient to being a successful franchisee, the same one required of independent business people: passion. Before settling on a franchise, really give some thought to your passions in life. If a good meal is not important to you, you should not open a restaurant franchise. If you have always been religious about working out, maybe a gym franchise is the way to go. In business, passion brings success, and that rule applies equally to franchisees and independent businesspeople.

Second, do your due diligence. If you were to open an independent business, you would do your homework. You would look at the products or services you plan to offer, the revenue stream, the expenses, the location, and a multitude of other things. Just because a national brand offers you a glossy book with lots of facts and figures and success rates, don't take it at face value. Do the exact same due diligence you would do as if you were opening an independent business.



Remember to read the other articles on this blog about franchising and start ups, just click on the links below or go to the archive by topic to the right of this article.
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